Mmiri polyurethane bụ ụdị usoro polyurethane ọhụrụ nke na-eji mmiri kama ihe mgbaze organic dị ka ihe na-agbasa. Ọ nwere uru nke enweghị mmetọ, nchekwa na ntụkwasị obi, akụrụngwa akụrụngwa dị mma, ndakọrịta dị mma, yana mgbanwe dị mfe.
Otú ọ dị, ihe ndị polyurethane na-atakwa ahụhụ site na nkwụsị mmiri na-adịghị mma, nkwụsị ọkụ, na ihe mgbaze n'ihi enweghị njikọ njikọ kwụsiri ike.
Ya mere, ọ dị mkpa iji melite na ebuli ngwa ngwa dị iche iche nke polyurethane site na iwebata monomers na-arụ ọrụ dị ka organic fluorosilicone, epoxy resin, acrylic ester, na nanomaterials.
N'ime ha, ihe nanomaterial gbanwetụrụ na polyurethane nwere ike imeziwanye ihe eji arụ ọrụ ha, na-eyi nkwụsi ike, na nkwụsi ike ọkụ. Ụzọ ngbanwe gụnyere usoro mgbagwoju anya, usoro polymerization n'ime ọnọdụ, usoro ngwakọta, wdg.
Nano Silica
SiO2 nwere usoro netwọkụ nwere akụkụ atọ, yana ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke otu hydroxyl na-arụ ọrụ n'elu ya. Ọ nwere ike melite njirimara zuru oke nke ihe mejupụtara mgbe ejikọtara ya na polyurethane site na covalent bond na van der Waals ike, dị ka mgbanwe, elu na ala okpomọkụ na-eguzogide, ịka nká iguzogide, wdg Guo et al. synthesized nano-SiO2 gbanwere polyurethane site na iji usoro polymerization nọ n'ọnọdụ. Mgbe ọdịnaya SiO2 dị ihe dị ka 2% (wt, obere akụkụ, otu dị n'okpuru ebe a), a na-emeziwanye viscosity shear na ike bee nke nrapado. N'iji ya na polyurethane dị ọcha, nguzogide okpomọkụ dị elu na ike nkwụsịtụ amụbawokwa ntakịrị.
Nano Zinc oxide
Nano ZnO nwere nnukwu ígwè ọrụ ike, ezigbo antibacterial na bacteriostatic Njirimara, yana ike siri ike ịmịkọrọ radieshon infrared na ezigbo mkpuchi UV, na-eme ka ọ dị mma maka ịmepụta ihe nwere ọrụ pụrụ iche. Awad et al. jiri usoro nano positron tinye ihe ndochi ZnO n'ime polyurethane. Ọmụmụ ihe ahụ chọpụtara na enwere mmekọrịta dị n'etiti nanoparticles na polyurethane. Ịba ụba ọdịnaya nke nano ZnO site na 0 ruo 5% mụbara iko mgbanwe okpomọkụ (Tg) nke polyurethane, nke mere ka nkwụsi ike ya dị mma.
Nano Calcium Carbonate
Mmekọrịta siri ike n'etiti nano CaCO3 na matrix na-eme ka ike nkwụsị nke ihe polyurethane dịkwuo elu. Gao et al. nke mbụ gbanwere nano-CaCO3 na oleic acid, wee kwadoo polyurethane/CaCO3 site na polymerization in-site. Nnwale infrared (FT-IR) gosiri na nanoparticles na-agbasasị n'otu n'otu na matriks. Dabere na ule arụmọrụ arụ ọrụ, achọpụtara na polyurethane ejiri nanoparticles gbanwee nwere ike tensile dị elu karịa polyurethane dị ọcha.
Graphene
Graphene (G) bụ ihe ejikọtara ọnụ nke SP2 ngwakọ orbitals jikọtara ya, nke na-egosipụta nrụtụ aka dị mma, ikuku ọkụ, na nkwụsi ike. Ọ nwere ike dị elu, ịdị mma siri ike, ọ dịkwa mfe ịgbagọ. Wu et al. Ag / G / PU nanocomposites synthesized, na mmụba nke ọdịnaya Ag / G, nkwụsi ike nke okpomọkụ na hydrophobicity nke ihe mejupụtara na-aga n'ihu na-emeziwanye, na arụmọrụ nje na-abawanyekwa otú ahụ.
Carbon Nanotubes
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) bụ otu akụkụ tubular nanomaterials jikọtara hexagons, na ugbu a bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị nwere ọtụtụ ngwa ngwa. Site n'iji ike ya dị elu, conductivity, na polyurethane composite Properties, a pụrụ imeziwanye nkwụsi ike nke okpomọkụ, ihe eji arụ ọrụ, na ihe omume nke ihe. Wu et al. ewebata CNT site n'ime-polymerization iji chịkwaa uto na nguzobe nke emulsion ahụ, na-eme ka CNT wee gbasasịa n'otu n'otu na matrix polyurethane. Site na ọdịnaya na-abawanye ụba nke CNT, ike nkwụsị nke ihe mejupụtara ahụ emeela ka ọ dịkwuo mma.
Ụlọ ọrụ anyị na-enye Silica Fumed dị elu,Ndị na-egbochi hydrolysis (ihe ndị na-emekọrịta ihe, Carbodiimide), UV absorbers, wdg, nke na-eme ka arụmọrụ nke polyurethane dịkwuo mma.
Oge nzipu: Jan-10-2025